By Jack Erjavec
HYBRID, electrical AND FUEL-CELL automobiles, moment variation, covers the state of the art expertise and expertise which are revolutionizing cutting-edge car undefined. writer Jack Erjavec combines in-depth services with an enticing, reader-friendly sort, offering huge aspect on new and upcoming electrical cars, together with hybrids in construction this present day and the gasoline mobilephone cars of the next day to come. Expansive assurance levels from easy concept on the topic of motor vehicle development, electrical energy, batteries, and vehicles, to the political and social impression of those high-profile cars. as well as updated, hugely actual technical details on cars to be had today--including provider techniques and secure store practices--the textual content offers an educated check out the long run with fabric on cars at present lower than improvement.
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Extra resources for Hybrid, Electric, and Fuel-Cell Vehicles
Example text
A transistor commonly used in the control circuit of electric drive vehicles is the insulated gate Figure 2-29 The electrical symbols for a PNP and NPN bipolar transistor (IGBT). This is a high-current transistor (Figure 2-29). A single IGBT can handle large amounts of current. They most often are liquid cooled to control the heat generated by the high current. Copyright 2012 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part. Due to electronic rights, some third party content may be suppressed from the eBook and/or eChapter(s).
If a battery is connected to a capacitor, the capacitor will be charged when current flows from the battery to the plates (Figure 2-20). This current flow will continue until the plates have the same voltage as the battery. At this time, the capacitor is charged and remains charged until a circuit is completed between the two plates. The capacitor will discharge when the circuit connects the positive lead to the negative lead. When a capacitor is connected to AC voltage, it will accumulate only a limited amount of charge before the voltage changes polarity and the charge dissipates.
He found that a horse can work at a rate of 33,000 foot-pounds per minute. This is the standard for measuring horsepower. Today, electric motors are rated in horsepower and watts (voltage multiplied by current output [1,000 W = 1 kW, which equals approximately 1-1 3 HP]). / – BASIC MOTOR OPERATION An electric motor converts electric energy into mechanical energy. Through the years, electric motors have changed substantially in design; however, the basic operational principles have remained the same.
