By David J. Bartholomew
This ebook penetrates the thicket of controversy, ideology and prejudice surrounding the size of intelligence to supply a transparent non-mathematical research of it. The checking out of intelligence has a protracted and debatable heritage and no matter if intelligence exists and will be measured nonetheless is still unresolved. the controversy approximately it has headquartered at the "nurture as opposed to nature" controversy and particularly on alleged racial variations and the heritability of intelligence.
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Additional resources for Measuring Intelligence: Facts and Fallacies
Example text
Why, then, is there so much argument when these widely accepted procedures are extended into the intelligence field? Are there no experts there who can be trusted to do the job? This is doubtless what many feel but there is also a more fundamental point to be made. This arises from the problem of defining the boundaries for the set of test items – or the domain as it is called. If we had an agreed idea of what intelligence was, it would be easier to agree on what counted as an indicator of intelligence, but many disputes arise because of differing perceptions of what intelligence really is.
What is wrong, we may ask, with this simple expedient which has served so well for so long? What factor analysis aims to do is to provide a framework for deciding whether adding up in this fashion really is the best way of extracting the relevant information and, if not, to suggest something better. This proposition contains the source of one of the main problems of interpretation which we meet when using factor analysis as a technique for measuring intelligence. It is certainly true that, if individuals vary in a particular kind of ability, then those with higher ability will tend to do better on the test items.
Another aspect of item choice concerns the selection of items from the domain. We want them, in some sense, to be representative. The value of the measure obtained from any particular sample of items ought to be an approximation to the value we would have obtained had we had access to, and been able to use, the whole set of items of this kind which could be constructed. This set is somewhat poorly defined and we shall have to return to the issue at a later point. In the meantime, we note that it is a potential source of dispute.
