By Cesar Fernandez De Las Penas, Lars Arendt-Nielsen, Robert D Gerwin

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Extra resources for Tension-type and Cervicogenic Headache: Pathophysiology, Diagnosis, and Management (Contemporary Issues in Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Medicine)

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These include normal physical activity, psychological either idiopathic or stress, menstruation, weather changes, certain foods, symptomatic, is probably the most severe and dramatic alcoholic beverages, missed meals, oversleeping and 1985). Thunderclap headache, headache, with pain beginning abruptly and quickly undersleeping (migraine); vasoactive substances such reaching its maximum. Trigeminal autonomic cephalal­ as alcohol and nitroglycerin (cluster headache); neck gias and trigeminal neuralgia are also characterized by a movements (cervicogenic headache, and occasionally severe, even excruciating pain.

Cephalalgia 2004;24:373- disability worldwide. Cephalalgia 2007;27: 193-210. 379. THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK CHAPTER OUTLINE Case History Medical Approach General History Age of Onset to Headaches Location of Pain Duration of Attacks Intensity and Character of Pain Associated Phenomena Maria L. Cuadrado, MD, PhD, and Juan A. Pareja, MD, PhD Precipitating or Aggravating Factors Temporal Pattern Physical Examination General Examination Neurologic Examination Ancillary Studies Blood Tests X-Ray Examinations Neuroimaging Vascular Imaging Hemicrania Continua Cerebrospinal Fluid Examination New Daily Persistent Anesthetic Blockades Referral to Different Specialists Synoptic Description of the Main Headache Disorders Primary Headaches Secondary Headaches Ocular Disorders Whiplash Injury Acute Sinusitis Headache in Acute Stroke Tension-Type Headache Arterial Dissection Trigeminal Autonomic Hydrocephalus and Intracranial Primary Cough, Exertional, and Sexual Headaches Hypnic Headache Primary T hunderclap Headache Focal Dystonias Post-Traumatic Headache Giant Cell Arteritis Cephalalgias Cervicogenic Headache Retropharyngeal Tendonitis Headache Migraine Primary Stabbing Headache Sleep Apnea Syndrome Temporomandibular Disorders Cranial Neuralgias and Primary Facial Pain Trigeminal Neuralgia Glossopharyngeal Neuralgia Tumors Idiopathic Intracranial Occipital Neuralgia Hypertension Neck-Tongue Syndrome (Pseudotumor Cerebri) Other Neuralgias Low Cerebrospinal Fluid Pressure Persistent Idiopathic Facial Pain References Lipton, 2006; International Headache Society, 2004).

The temporo­ mandibular joint should be palpated while the jaw is opened and closed, seeking tenderness or crepitus. The joint is best palpated by inserting a finger in each ear and pressing forward. The cervical spine must also be tested for active and passive mobility and localized ten­ X-Ray Examinations X-ray examination of the cranium, the sinuses, the teeth, and the cervical spine is indicated on suspicion of secondary headaches related to these structures. derness. , resistance of the neck to passive flexion) and other signs of meningeal ir ritation (the Kernig and Brudzinski signs).

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