By Peter Clegg (auth.)
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Extra info for The Caribbean Banana Trade: From Colonialism to Globalization
Example text
Indeed, from a fleet of 22 at the beginning of the war, only one Elders and Fyffes vessel was being used for company business at the war’s conclusion (Parsons, 1988, p. 23 and Beaver, 1976. p. 58). The continuing pressure on resources meant that by the beginning of 1917, the British government decided, albeit reluctantly, to introduce a system of import 36 The Caribbean Banana Trade licensing to conserve foreign exchange and shipping. As a consequence, the exportation of bananas from Costa Rica was halted, and with Canary Islands imports having been terminated in December 1916, the supply of bananas to the UK fell dramatically.
The importance of personal contacts and individual judgements are well exemplified here. It is interesting that such an important decision, that of deciding whether a banana shipment link should be established between Jamaica and the UK, was taken by such a small group of individuals. Indeed, the advice of one man was sufficient to end the immediate hopes of those in both Jamaica and the UK who saw the benefits of establishing a banana export trade between the two countries. The decision disappointed Joseph Chamberlain who continued to believe that Jamaican bananas should have an alternative to the American market.
Dowding argues that it matters little whether networks are said to be open or closed, as their structure and operation are shaped by other changes affecting the policy sector, such as the resources and bargaining strategies of the actors. In short, Dowding argues that decision-making is determined not by networks, but by the bargaining strategies and the various interests at play. The criticisms of the network approach by John and Dowding are important as they show that there is a tendency for networks only to explain policy in the context of other factors, and as a consequence the 18 The Caribbean Banana Trade concept itself lacks explanatory power.
