By Mark Rapley
A variety of case reports, drawing upon ethnomethodological and dialog analytic scholarship, finds how people labeled as "intellectually disabled" are literally outlined via their interplay with care employees and different pros. highbrow incapacity is generally regarded as a sort of inner, person disease, differing little from diabetes, paralysis or persistent ailment. This study's program of discursive psychology to highbrow incapacity demonstrates that what's often understood as being anyone challenge is admittedly an interactional or social product.
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Sample text
Discursive psychology views discourse as both socially constructed (it is assembled, on-the-spot, pervasively in social interaction) and socially constructive (in that discourse – be it talk or text – constructs versions of events, actors and their attributes, in order to accomplish social actions). Discursive psychology then asks: ‘how [do] people categorise and formulate the world, establishing certain particulars as relevant, characterising its moral flavour, and it asks how people 26 The Social Construction of Intellectual Disability at the same time formulate a relevant “inner” world of beliefs, values, emotions and dispositions, that make their actions accountable’ (Edwards and Potter, 2002:15).
Jenkins, 1999: 17) As such a brief foray into etymology can be of value. It is evident (and, in the case of ‘idiot’, amusingly ironic) that the terms which practitioners have wished to invest with professional skill are, in mundane English, usages that have entered the language from the Middle Ages on. 3 Indeed, historically, given the elite nature of education and learning, ‘ordinary person’ or ‘layman’ is sufficiently non-specific as to suggest a broad generality of persons. It also seems to be the case, contra many suggestions in the literature about the necessarily devastating 3 The earliest usage recorded in the OED (1989: 625) dates from 1300: Cursor M.
Such a grammatical construction obscures the fact that ‘idiots’ and ‘imbeciles’ were widely spoken of centuries before the invention of IQ tests and, hence, it can only be said with accuracy that ‘since 1905 it has become customary for people who score below 30 on an IQ test to be referred to as “idiots” and for people who are scored in the range 30–50 to be described as “imbeciles”’. As Jenkins notes: The statistical plotting of a normal curve of distribution for measured intelligence has probably been the single most influential factor in the definition and creation of a category of persons known as the ‘mildly mentally retarded’.
