By Clayton D. Drinko

Improvisation academics Viola Spolin, Del shut, and Keith Johnstone knew that with constitution and guidance, the human brain will be informed to be without problems spontaneous and intuitive. Cognitive reports is ultimately catching up with what improvisers have identified for over fifty years. via archival study, workshops, and interviews, Theatrical Improvisation, recognition, and Cognition explores improvisation's results on awareness and cognition and compares those theories to present findings in cognitive neuroscience, psychology, and philosophy

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If players did not have these principles to guide them they would most likely become overly self-conscious and less focused on the present moment. Focusing on the rules of the game and having that structure actually allows them to be fully present moment to moment during scenes. ”39 Csikszentmihalyi uses his same examples of musicians and surgeons to illustrate this element. The musician knows immediately when they have played a wrong note. The surgeon, too, knows immediately whether one of her actions has succeeded or failed on her way toward improving the health of the patient.

Instead of staying with the beat and scale though, theatrical improvisers must stay with their partners, agreeing with the reality of the scene as it is created spontaneously within the group. Without focus, improvisation stops being spontaneous. Spolin warns that clever pre-planned responses take over in moments of lost focus. Improvisation requires strict awareness that ultimately becomes second nature for experienced improvisers. ”29 In her archives at Northwestern University, there is more evidence of the importance focus has in unlocking an improviser’s intuition.

Ramachandran thinks mirror neurons are integral to people’s ability to imitate others, which is the crux of his argument in their importance in the spread of language and culture. Many of Spolin’s games involve imitation. Games, such as her mirror exercises, allow improvisers to focus solely on imitating their partners. Spolin’s game progression fits nicely with the relatively recent discovery of mirror neurons; much of the early emphasis is on putting all of one’s energy and focus toward really seeing and hearing the other person in the scene in order to develop a higher level of empathy and group mind.

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