By Jonathan Sutherland

African americans at conflict: An Encyclopedia КНИГИ ;ВОЕННАЯ ИСТОРИЯ Издательство: ABC-CLIOАвтор(ы): Jonathan D. SutherlandЯзык: EnglishГод издания: 2004Количество страниц: 844ISBN: 1-85109-371-0Формат: pdf (e-book)Размер: 11.0 mb RapidIfolder zero

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B. S. Brown, Lt. John P. Shaw, and Lt. T. Fry. The contrabands with them are not named. (Library of Congress) proclamation did not include the slaves who lived behind Union lines. These people were still technically slaves. Only after the Emancipation Proclamation were African Americans allowed to enlist in the Union army. Although they faced continual harassment, unfair treatment, relegation to support roles, and obsolete equipment, between 180,000 and 200,000 enlisted. Many of the men were not paid for eighteen months because of a protracted dispute over pay; originally it was considered that African American soldiers did not need to be paid as much as their white counterparts.

As a result, when the men marched to join their brigades, divisions, and corps, they were considered poor replacements for regular white regiments. Consequently, the majority of them found themselves, at least initially, required to carry out physical labor such as trench digging or preparing latrines. The officers did their best to continue to hone the men into a fighting unit, despite the demeaning circumstances in which they found themselves. It was during the training process that the deficiencies in the white officers in many regiments began to become apparent.

Military identity, was a polarized world. Many Southern white soldiers displayed the Confederate flag and other symbols associated with racism, and African American troops began to assert their identity, often as derived from an interest in Black Power. S. military. Rather than embracing the armed services and accepting assimilation in what was a hostile foreign land, the men clung to their own identities. For the first time, the armed forces had a considerable proportion of men who wanted to be identified as black.

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