By Shiva Kumar, M. Jamal Deen
Fiber-optic conversation structures have complex dramatically during the last 4 a long time, because the period of copper cables, leading to reasonably cheap and high-bandwidth transmission. Fiber optics is now the spine of the web and long-distance telecommunication. with no it we'd no longer benefit from the merits of high-speed net, or low-rate overseas cellphone calls.
This ebook introduces the fundamental recommendations of fiber-optic conversation in a pedagogical method. the $64000 mathematical effects are derived via first rules instead of bringing up learn articles. moreover, actual interpretations and real-world analogies are supplied to assist scholars take hold of the basic concepts.
Key Features:
- Lucid rationalization of key subject matters similar to fibers, lasers, and photodetectors.
- Includes contemporary advancements similar to coherent conversation and electronic sign processing.
- Comprehensive remedy of fiber nonlinear transmission.
- Worked examples, workouts, and answers.
- Accompanying site with PowerPoint slides and numerical experiments in MATLAB.
Intended essentially for senior undergraduates and graduates learning fiber-optic communications, the booklet can also be appropriate as a qualified source for researchers operating within the box of fiber-optic communications.
Read Online or Download Fiber Optic Communications: Fundamentals and Applications PDF
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Extra info for Fiber Optic Communications: Fundamentals and Applications
Sample text
87) = Ex0 cos (????t − kz), where ???? is the velocity of light in the medium, f is the frequency, ???? = ????∕f is the wavelength, ???? = 2????f is the angular frequency, k = 2????∕???? is the wavenumber, and k is also called the propagation constant. 88) or equivalently ???? . k Since Hy also satisfies the wave equation (Eq. 69)), it can be written as ????= Hy = Hy0 cos (????t − kz). From Eq. 58), we have ????Hy ????z 2 If the mirror is a perfect conductor, ???? = ????. = −???? ????Ex . 91) 16 Fiber Optic Communications Using Eq.
P. B. Leighton, and M. Sands, The Feynman Lectures on Physics, Vol. 1. Addison-Wesley, New york, 1963. H. Skilling, Fundamentals of Electric Waves, 2nd edn. John Wiley & Sons, New York, 1948. 1 Introduction Until the mid-1970s, communication systems transmitted information over copper cables or free space. In 1966, Charles Kao and George Hockham working at Standard Telecommunications in the UK proposed that an optical fiber might be used as a means of communication provided the signal loss could be much less than 20 dB/km [1].
142) Substituting this in Eq. 140), we find √ √ n1 x2 + y2 n2 (AF − x)2 + BG2 tx = + . 143) Note that AF, BG, and y are constants as x changes. Therefore, to find the path that takes the least time, we differentiate tx with respect to x and set it to zero, dtx n (AF − x) n x −√ 2 = 0. 144) From Fig. 21, we have x = sin ????1 , √ x2 + y2 AF − x = sin ????2 . 21 Cx G D F Refraction of a light wave. Therefore, Eq. 144) becomes n1 sin ????1 = n2 sin ????2 . 146) This is called Snell’s law. If n2 > n1 , sin ????1 > sin ????2 and ????1 > ????2 .
