By Hongwen Ren
Presents readers with the fundamental technological know-how, know-how, and functions for all sorts of adaptive lens
An adaptive lens is a lens whose form has been replaced to another focal size via an exterior stimulus reminiscent of strain, electrical box, magnetic box, or temperature. Introduction to Adaptive Lenses is the 1st publication ever to handle the entire basic operation ideas, gadget features, and strength functions of varied sorts of adaptive lenses.
This accomplished publication covers easy fabric houses, gadget buildings and function, picture processing and zooming, optical communications, and biomedical imaging. Readers will locate homework difficulties and recommendations incorporated on the finish of every chapter?and in accordance with the defined gadget constructions, they are going to have the data to manufacture adaptive lenses for functional functions or enhance new adaptive units or techniques for complicated investigation.
Introduction to Adaptive Lenses comprises chapters on:
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Optical lenses
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Elastomeric membrane lenses
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Electro-wetting lenses
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Dielectrophoretic lenses
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Mechanical-wetting lenses
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Liquid crystal lenses
This is a crucial reference for optical engineers, study scientists, graduate scholars, and undergraduate seniors.
Content:
Chapter 1 Optical Lens (pages 1–22):
Chapter 2 Elastomeric Membrane Lens (pages 23–79):
Chapter three Electrowetting Lens (pages 80–106):
Chapter four Dielectrophoretic Lens (pages 107–158):
Chapter five different Adaptive Liquid Lenses (pages 159–188):
Chapter 6 Liquid Crystal Lens (pages 189–269):
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Additional info for Introduction to Adaptive Lenses
Example text
11) to describe the membrane surface configuration. However, such a surface can be approximated by a spherical shape if the elastic membrane is not deformed largely in comparison with its aperture. With such an approximation the produced error will be very small. Therefore, one can use standard spherical lens equations to deal with the liquid lens, and the induced aberration will be negligible. 8. Assume the two curves have the same maximum displacement h (also called apex distance) and the same base aperture 2a.
F. Mugele and J. C. Baret, Electrowetting: from basics to applications, J. Phys. Condens. Matter 17, R705 (2005). 14. C. C. Cheng, C. A. Chang, and J. A. Yeh, Variable focus dielectric liquid droplet lens, Opt. Express 14, 4101 (2006). 15. H. Ren, H. Xianyu, S. Xu, and S. T. Wu, Adaptive dielectric liquid lens, Opt. Express 16, 14954 (2008). 16. S. Sato, Liquid-crystal lens-cells with variable focal length, Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 18, 1679 (1979). 17. D. K. Yang and S. T. Wu, Fundamentals of Liquid Crystal Devices, Wiley, Hoboken, NJ, 2006.
Therefore, it is not easy to rectify the aberrations of adaptive liquid lenses. 2, when the deformed membrane satisfies k > 30 and h 2a, the deformed membrane presents spherical shape. Therefore, one can use standard spherical lens equations to evaluate the PDMS lens aberrations. If a membrane lens has k > 30 but is deformed heavily, then it will be difficult to evaluate the lens aberration directly. As we know, the lens aberrations determine the image quality. 13 shows the object, the lens, and the image formed through the lens.
