By Sebastian Matzner
Even supposing metonymy has lengthy been well-known as being a imperative machine in poetic language, it has obtained little severe awareness in its personal correct. not just has this created a niche in literary analytical scholarship which has to be addressed, however it has additionally allowed for frustrating appropriations of metonymy as a severe suggestion now largely in use in structuralist experiences around the humanities. Rethinking Metonymy Read more...
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Extra info for Rethinking metonymy. Literary theory and poetic practice from Pindar to Jakobson
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1–18. g. Silk 1974, 218. 18 OUP CORRECTED PROOF – FINAL, 30/8/2016, SPi CONTIGUITY AND ITS (DIS-)CONTENTS: METONYMY IN THEORY 31 of blurriness. The Greek term σχῆμα, for instance, which is reasonably consistently used in Greek rhetoric to denote what the later rhetorical tradition will call a ‘figure’, is variously translated and/or referred to by Roman rhetoricians as forma or conformatio, exornatio, or figura. As Mankin notes, ‘In Cic. figura is used in connection with “figures of speech and thought” only at Opt.
49 What follows from all of this is that Aristotle’s praise of metaphor, largely based on the philosopher’s admiration of its logic, elevated it right from the start to a predominant position in any discussion of tropical language, while his own confusing use of the same term, μεταφορά, for different phenomena on different levels has bedevilled the study of tropes and the tropical space throughout the centuries. Mapping the tropical space The discussion above has shown that Genette’s analysis of the development of tropology needs to be amended in the sense that the ruling tendency is not, in fact, linear reduction but rather a circular movement of inflation and deflation in conceptualizing the tropical space: a movement from Aristotle, who discussed tropes and tropicality under the generalized notion of metaphor, to the diversification of the tropical space by the rhetorical tradition, to modern attempts to reduce the multitude of tropes by subsuming them under an ever-decreasing set of ‘master tropes’, to the eventual metaphor monism in which tropicality, the tropical space, and the individual tropes are again, as in Aristotle, ultimately all metaphorical.
His identification of substitution, paradigm, and metaphor on the one hand, and of combination, syntagm, and metonymy on the other,8 has 4 Cf. Genette 1970a, 104–18. I shall return to the issue of synecdoche’s affiliation in Chapter 3; see below, pp. 154–65. 5 6 Genette 1970a, 118. Eichenbaum 1923. 7 In his seminal article ‘Two Aspects of Language and Two Types of Aphasic Disturbances’ (Jakobson 1956). 8 Jakobson 1956, 243–4. OUP CORRECTED PROOF – FINAL, 30/8/2016, SPi CONTIGUITY AND ITS (DIS-)CONTENTS: METONYMY IN THEORY 27 led to an extension of the understanding and scholarly use of the two terms from specific modes of language usage to a universal structural schema in which metaphor and metonymy represent patterns of interrelation between elements in any one given semiotic system.
