By Ralph Carter Elwood
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Extra resources for Russian social democracy in the underground: A study of the RSDRP in the Ukraine, 1907-1914
Sample text
During the first six months of 1905, 44 of the 94 Ukrainian districts (uezd) reported mild agrarian unrest. 66 This autumn flare-up of the countryside contributed to the party's urban success during October in that it diverted the government's attention and divided its forces. The reasons for this revival of the peasant movement lay in the bad harvest of 1905, in the contagious character of the urban unrest, and in the appearance of political organizations in the villages. 67 The peasants of the Ukraine, however, were largely uninterested in the political programs of the Socialist Revolutionaries or in the petitions to the tsar of the various Peasant Union congresses.
One factor contributing to the government's success was the workers' lack of economic reserves which limited the effective59 For secondary accounts of the October Days from varying viewpoints, see Leon Trotsky, 1905, trans. Anya Bostock (New York, 1971), pp. 83-99; Martov, III, 575-602; Schwarz, pp. 137-43; Sidney Harcave, First Blood: The Russian Revolution of 1905 (New York, 1964), pp. 181-88. 60 Istoriia KPU, p. 78; "Izvestiia federativnogo soveta Khar'kovskikh komitetov RSDRP, No. , No. 6, 1930, pp.
But organizationally, Trotsky was closer to the Mensheviks. He abhorred the factional quarrelling of emigre life and sought to unite all elements of the centrifugal party. His polemics with Lenin, whom Trotsky considered to be the principal impediment to unification, created an animosity which precluded any cooperation. Trotsky's brand of non-factionalism, however, appealed to many party workers in Russia who shared his desire for unity. 19 Another prestigious individual with a newspaper, a personal following, and a centrist position in the Marxist political spectrum was George Plekhanov (1856-1918).
