By Yehoshua Y. Kalisky
The opportunity of controlling and regularly altering laser emission wavelengths in a large spectral diversity with out utilizing exterior components according to nonlinear optics (to shift the basic wavelength) is of fundamental significance to scientists. With the arrival of novel high-power pumping resources, it really is attainable to layout and function a brand new type of tunable sturdy country laser units for numerous purposes. This publication demonstrates the layout of latest laser fabrics in line with quantum mechanical rules, spectroscopic houses of transition-metal ions, and ion-host interplay. This procedure comprises the idea of digital constitution of transition-metal ions, modeling of strength move and nonradiative procedures, and symmetry issues in spectroscopic research of d orbitals.
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Additional info for Solid State Lasers: Tunable Sources and Passive Q-Switching Elements
Example text
66), the following 16 Chapter 1 expression is obtained: W 12 ¼ vR 2 =Dva , where Dva is the homogeneous linewidth of the atomic transition. The population difference DN will increase with the intensity of the induced field, and in the limit of I → 1, one obtains DN → 0, namely, N1 ¼ N2 ¼ Nt/2, which is defined as saturation. This expression can be written in terms of intensities: DN ¼ Nt , 1 þ ðI =I sat Þ ð1:67Þ where Isat is the saturation intensity, namely, I ¼ Isat produces DN ¼ Nt/2, similar to Eq.
The eigenfunction j J, Mi created by the linear combination of the form [Eq. 9)] with the Clebsch–Gordan coefficients is simultaneously an eigenfunction of Jz and J2. The reason for this is that j j1, j2; m1, m2i is an eigenfunction of J 12 , J 22 , J1z, J2z and of the sum Jz ¼ J1z þ J2z, with eigenvalues defined by Eqs. 8), respectively. But j j1, j2; m1, m2i is not an eigenfunction of the coupled states J2. 9) creates the connection between the eigenfunctions j J, Mi (the coupled representation) and j j1, j2; m1, m2i (the uncoupled representation).
Note that in the quantum-mechanical model, Rabi oscillations occur even when n ¼ 0 as a result of spontaneous emission and re-absorption of photons. The Rabi frequency is proportional to the applied signal amplitude and the transition strength,—on a time scale, it is much shorter than the dephasing (T2) or the upper-level relaxation time [T1 ¼ t has the same meaning as in Eq. 3)], and the optical transition frequency. That is, the time interval of the Rabi frequency fulfils the relation 1/vR << T1 and 1/vR << T2.
