By A. I. Sabra (ed., trans.)
Read or Download The Optics of Ibn al-Haytham, books I-III, On Direct Vision. Translated with introduction and commentary, in 2 volumes PDF
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Additional resources for The Optics of Ibn al-Haytham, books I-III, On Direct Vision. Translated with introduction and commentary, in 2 volumes
Sample text
Why, again, does this colour not 51 I. 4 appear on | the white body when the latter lies in sunlight or in a strong light, but appears when the white body is in the shadow or in weak lights? All this is due to causes peculiar to sight, and not because the forms of colours do not radiate on all bodies facing them. Later on we shall thoroughly explain this and provide clear reasons for it when we speak about the manner in which vision occurs. But what we have shown o f the properties of lights and o f the forms o f colours that accompany or join them is enough for beginning our inquiry into the manner o f vision.
It proves also that the transparency o f these coats only serves to make the transparency o f the eye continuous with that o f the air, so that the bodies between the crystalline and the visible object may be o f continuous transparency. And the cessation o f sensation upon the interruption of the straight line between the crystalline and the surface of the eye proves that the crystalline’s sensation can occur only through the straight lines between it and the surface o f the eye. [16] We now say that if the eye senses the colour o f the visible object light that is in it through the form that comes from the object to the surface of the eye, and if sensation must take place through the crystalline and not through the surface o f the eye, then the eye cannot perceive this form until the latter has passed through the surface o f the eve and reached the crystalline.
Assume, then, that o f what comes from a single point on the visible object to the whole surface o f the eye and passes through the eye’s coats and reaches the crystalline, the latter perceives only that which comes to it through a single point on the eye’s surface; and assume that the crystalline perceives the colour and light o f that point on the object by means o f the form which, j coming to it only through that point on the eye’s surface, reaches only one point on the crystalline’s surface; assume, further, that the crystalline does not perceive that same point o f the object through the remainder o f the form that has reached its surface from the remainder o f the eye’s surface; then vision will 68 I.
