By Richard L. Gregory
Because the book of the 1st version in 1966, Eye and Brain has verified itself all over the world as a vital advent to the fundamental phenomena of visible conception. during this ebook, Richard L. Gregory deals transparent causes of the way we see brightness, move, colour, and gadgets, and he explores the phenomena of visible illusions to set up rules approximately how conception commonly works and why it occasionally fails. even supposing successive variations have included new discoveries and ideas, Gregory thoroughly revised and up to date the booklet for this book, including greater than thirty new illustrations. The phenomena of phantasm stay an immense subject within the booklet, within which the writer makes a brand new try and supply a finished type process. There also are new sections on what infants see and the way they discover ways to see, on movement belief, and tantalizing glimpses of the connection among imaginative and prescient and cognizance and of the impression of recent mind imaging options. moreover, the presentation of the textual content and illustrations has been more suitable by means of the bigger layout and new web page layout. The millions of readers of the former versions of Eye and Brain will locate this new revised variation much more beautiful and spell binding.
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Extra info for Eye and Brain: The Psychology of Seeing
Sample text
5 Sir Isaac Newton (1642–1727), by Charles Jervas. On the whole Newton held that light consists of particles, but he anticipated many of the difficulties which have been faced by the modern theory that light has dual properties of particles and waves. Newton devised the first experiments to show that white light is a mixture of the spectral colours, which paved the way to an understanding of colour vision. He realized that light itself is not coloured—but elicits colours—created as we now know by specialized cells of the brain.
Ommatidia are isolated from each other by black cones of pigment, which in reduced light migrate back towards the receptors, so that light can pass through the side of each ommatidium to its neighbouring receptors. This increases the sensitivity of the eye but at a cost to its acuity. This balance is found also in vertebrate eyes, though for somewhat different reasons, as a result of the many neural mechanisms of dark adaption which are still not completely understood. 3 A compound eye. Each corneal lens provides a separate image to a single functioning receptor (made up often of seven light-sensitive cells), but there is no reason to think that the creature sees a mosaic.
Generally, visual perception has been thought of as quite separate from cognitive problem solving, but this can be questioned. However, Hermann von Helmholtz did think of visual perceptions as unconscious inferences, and so related perception to thinking. The Cambridge psychologist Kenneth Craik (1914–45) put forward the notion that the brain works with physiologically existing functional ‘internal models’ of perceived and imagined objects and situations. This is now generally modified to a more symbolic account; but the notion of representing by the brain is accepted as central to cognitive approaches.
