By B. S. Hoyle (eds.)
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W. (1964). The Stages of Economic Growth, Cambridge, p. 24. WILSON, G. et a/. (1966). The Impact of Highway Investment on Development, Washington, pp. 9-10. 2 Transport Expansion in Underdeveloped Countries: A Comparative Analysis EDWARD J. TAAFFE, RICHARD L. MORRILL AND PETER R. GOULDt IN the economic growth of underdeveloped countries a critical factor has been the improvement of internal accessibility through the expansion of a transportation network. This expansion is from its beginning at once a continuous process of spatial diffusion and an irregular or sporadic process influenced by many specific economic, social or political forces.
The idea of a phase of high-priority linkages is based, somewhat weakly, on a logical extrapolation of the concentration processes noted in the earlier stages of transport development in Ghana and Nigeria, and is supported in part by highly generalised evidence from areas with well-developed transportation systems. Interior centres, intermediate nodes, and ports do not develop at precisely the same rate. As some of these centres grow more rapidly than others, their feeder networks become intensified and reach into the hinterlands of nearby centres.
Heavy rail competition, which resulted in severe restraints on long-haul trucking for many years, has clearly weakened the western road penetration lines, and the similarity to southwestern Ghana is strong. Areas totally inaccessible by road are still numerous, particularly in the barren middle zone and along the periphery of the country. To the political geographer the general weakness of the linkages between the Eastern, Western and Northern Regions will be of particular interest. There is, in fact, a clear visual impression that the general pattern of accessibility by road in Nigeria in 1953 is similar to that of Ghana in 1937 -hardly surprising in view of the much larger size of Nigeria, the longer distances, and the lower per capita tax base from which the greater part of road development funds must come.
