By Jan Willem Drijvers, John Watt
This quantity bargains with a number of figures of non secular authority in Christianity in the course of past due antiquity and the early heart a long time, and seeks to light up the best way the fight for non secular effect advanced with adjustments in church and society. a few literary pics are tested, graphics which, in quite a few literary genres, are themselves designed to set up and propagate the authority of the folks whose lives and actions they describe. The series starts with visionary and prophetic figures of the second one and 3rd centuries, proceeds via a number of tales from the fourth century to the ability of holy individuals, strikes directly to Syriac pics of the 5th to 7th centuries, and ends with the dying of the authority of the holy guy within the 8th.
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On the one hand one would expect some magical claim from any selfrespecting religious leader in the ancient world, from Moses onwards, 22 and equally the charge of magic against opponents from Christian heresiologists. It is perhaps significant that Irenaeus (or his heresiological source) depicts the followers of Simon, Basilides and Carpocrates in remarkably similar fashion as adepts of magic. 23 However, although the term "magos" may not have been Simon or Marcus' own selfdesignation, but a device of their opponents to discredit them, it may nevertheless, as Filoramo suggests, retain something of the truth, hinting at the charismatic power of such figures, ancient and modern.
539-49 esp. p. 542. 7 Williams, Rethinking "Gnosticism", pp. 109ff. 8 Stark, Bainbridge, The Future of Religion, pp. 24-30. 9 Cf. -M. Schenke, "Das sethianische System nach Nag-Hammadi-Handschriften", Studia Coptica, ed. P. Nagel (Berlin, 1974), pp. 165-73; idem, "The Phenomenon and Significance of Gnostic Sethianism", The Rediscovery of Gnosticism, vol. 2: Sethian Gnosticism, ed. Bentley Layton (Leiden, 1981), pp. D. Turner, "Sethian Gnosticism: A Literary History", Nag Hammadi, Gnosticism, and Early Christianity, eds.
169£, on the Logos Christology rooted in Jewish Wisdom he finds in four early Egyptian Christian texts: Epistula Apostolorum, Sibylline Oracles, Testimony qf Truth (NHC IX,3) and Apocalypse qf Peter-all probably later than Valentinus. 37 Rif. 2. 38 Filaramo, History qf Gnosticism, p. 156. Valentinus' psalm (Rif. 6-8) evidently reflects another visionary experience. RC. Frend, Ike Archaeology qf Early Christianity (London, 1996), pp. 209-11; C. Cecchelli" Monumenti cristiano-eretici di Roma (Rome, 1944); J.
